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Epigenetics: definition, mechanisms and clinical perspective. Jusoh, N., Oh, S., Kim, S., Kim, J. As mentioned above, TAMs display lots of important biological functions in tumor progression from different aspects. Goliwas, K. F. et al. It was reported that both small molecular inhibitors and antibodies targeting either CCL2/CCR2 or CSF-1/CSF-1R signaling axis obviously inhibited the mobilization of monocytes and macrophages accumulation in tumor sites. Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity. 2017;4:8–18.Komohara Y, Jinushi M, Takeya M. Clinical significance of macrophage heterogeneity in human malignant tumors. Mitchell, M. & King, M. Fluid shear stress sensitizes cancer cells to receptor-mediated apoptosis via trimeric death receptors.